UN rights chief slams ‘rampant impunity’ in Mali, warns of security risk

UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Michelle Bachelet on Tuesday condemned the “rampant impunity” as human rights abuses rise in Mali, warning that accountability was essential for peace and security in the strife-torn West African nation.

Bachelet called on Malian authorities to “break the cycle of impunity” and to establish “impartial and effective investigations into all allegations of human rights violations and abuses, including those committed by the military”.

Tigray forces hunt down retreating Ethiopian-Eritrean troops

TPLF vows to go after forces allied to the government from the Amhara region and neighbouring nation Eritrea.

Tigrayan rebels vowed to hunt down Ethiopian and Eritrean troops on the run around the regional capital, Mekelle, on Wednesday after taking full control of the city in a sharp reversal of eight months of war.

Nigeria: French President, Macron Inaugurates France-Nigeria Business Council

BUA’s Abdul Samad Rabiu is appointed inaugural president of the France-Nigeria Business Council.

French President Emmanuel Macron has inaugurated the France-Nigeria Business Council – a private sector initiative to enhance business relations between the two countries.

The council has Abdul Samad Rabiu, Founder/Chairman of Nigeria’s BUA Group as its inaugural President.

Ethiopia: Uncertainty in Tigray After Rebels Take Control of Restive North

The rebel Tigray Defense Forces claimed Mekele and Shire were under their control. Experts warn of a precarious situation after Ethiopia’s federal government called a unilateral cease-fire.

The former ruling party in Tigray said it took back control of the regional capital Mekele on Monday after Ethiopia’s federal government troops controlled the city for eight months.

The Tigray Defense Forces (TDF) is “in control of Mekele and people are now dancing in the streets,” said Million Haileselassie, a DW correspondent based in the city.

The TDF is the military wing of the Tigray People’s Liberation Front (TPLF) party, which ruled Tigray until being ousted by the federal government in November 2020.

“Residents are celebrating in different parts of the city. Fireworks were seen in the sky, cars and motorcycles honking. I saw people in the streets waving regional Tigray flags, dancing, chanting, and singing,” Haileselassie told DW.

The news agency Reuters also reported that after rebel forces surrounded the Martyrs’ Memorial Monument, some civilians entered the streets to celebrate.

“The capital of Tigray, Mekele, is under our control,” a spokesperson for the TPLF told Reuters.

Some of those gathered chanted “Abiy is a thief!,” according to Reuters.

Earlier on Monday, residents reported seeing government soldiers pack up vehicles and withdraw from positions they held in Mekele.

What has happened so far?

Last week, the TDF launched a major offensive that coincided with Ethiopia’s highly anticipated national elections, which unfolded in much of the country – though not in Tigray.

Results from polling stations have yet to be announced, but they are widely expected to deliver Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed a formal mandate.

An airstrike last Tuesday in Togoga, a village in Tigray, killed 64 people and injured at least 180. The Ethiopian military said the strike was aimed at rebels.

The aid organization Doctors Without Borders (MSF) reported that three of its staff were found dead on Saturday.

Maria Hernandez, an emergency coordinator; Yohannes Halefom Reda, assistant coordinator; and driver Tedros Gebremariam Gebremichael were in a vehicle when MSF said it lost contact with them.

“We all today share deep sadness, anger and horror and deep condolences for their families,” MSF said a statement.

On Monday this week, the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) accused the Ethiopian government of destroying its satellite equipment in the Tigray region.

UNICEF Executive Director Henrietta Fore said on Twitter that the act “violates UN privileges and immunities and the rules of international humanitarian law regarding respect for humanitarian relief objects.”

Also on Monday, the Ethiopia government declared an “immediate, unilateral” cease-fire in its Tigray region after the TDF rebel forces entered the regional capital.

The federal government said the cease-fire “will enable farmers to till their land, aid groups to operate without any military movement around and engage with remnants [of Tigray’s former ruling party] who seek peace.” Ethiopia said the cease-fire would last until the end of the farming season in Tigray in September.

Reuters reported on Tuesday that Eritrean forces were no longer visible in Shire, a town north of Mekele in Tigray region. Many claimed on Twitter that the towns of Shire and Axum had fallen to TDF fighters.

Federal government on the edge

Fighting between federal troops and Tigrayan soldiers began on November 4, 2020, after Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed ordered a military response following attacks on federal army camps in Tigray.

TPLF denied any responsibility and called the accusation a pretext for an “invasion.” Abiy rejected calls for peace talks as his army shelled and advanced on Tigray.

He considered military operations “complete” on November 28, 2020.

This week’s major turn of events comes after eight months of intense fighting. TDF fighters had launched multiple assaults against federal Ethiopian forces and also clashed with Eritrean Defense Forces.

Ethiopia’s federal forces were in control of Mekele, while Eritrea’s military, albeit unofficially, had under their control the towns of Shire, Adwa and Axum, which are close to the Eritrean border.

“It may be that the assault of the last few weeks has been quite draining for the [Ethiopian National Defense Forces],” said Clionadh Raleigh, the executive director of ACLED, a real-time data collection site on political violence and protest events.

“There’s clearly some dissension between [Ethiopia’s and Eritrea’s forces], and Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed needed to effectively get over the line with the election before he made any new moves in Tigray.”

Kjetil Tronvoll, a professor of peace and conflict studies at Norway’s Bjorknes University, described the cease-fire as a capitulation.

“We have to understand that the TDF just entered Mekele and the cease-fire call from the government is more of a declaration of defeat,” Tronvoll said.

Political violence expert Raleigh agrees that the TDF “were the superior fighting force and they have been able to best the ENDF,” but believes there are other plausible arguments for the federal government to offer a cease-fire.

“It’s very likely that the UN and the international community have pushed for some sort of a humanitarian cease-fire. We were hearing about that in the last few weeks, and there wasn’t really a lot of discussion about it. And now there’s this.

“So it may be a way in which the federal government is trying to put a good face on what’s occurred. But it also very plausible because the needs were quite great,” Raleigh told DW.

It is unclear whether the cease-fire would be enforced or respected, as the offer came from the interim government in Tigray — with many of the interim officials reportedly now having left the capital city.

“There should be a cease-fire — but not [on] the empty words of the federal government today,” said Alex de Waal, executive director of the World Peace Foundation at The Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts University.

“What’s needed is a comprehensive cease-fire as the basis for protecting civilians, ending famine, removing Eritrean forces, and bringing about a definitive political settlement.”

Political violence expert Raleigh argues that a possible peace negotiations with the TPLF would be dangerous for the federal government of Abiy Ahmed because “the majority of people [outside of Tigray] don’t like the TPLF.”

“They found the experience of being effectively run by the TPLF-dominated EPRDF an extremely bad one,” Raleigh said, referring to the Ethiopian People’s Revolutionary Democratic Front, a political coalition that ruled Ethiopian politics from 1991 to 2019.

Prime Minister Abiy dissolved the EPRDF in November 2019 and merged most of the constituent parties of the coalition, except for TPLF, into a new party called the Prosperity Party.

“[Many] don’t believe that the TPLF should be negotiated with or there shouldn’t be a transaction of power over what they believe was an illegal start to a war,” said Raleigh.

According to Raleigh, the TPLF made Tigray completely ungovernable to prevent the interim government instituted by the federal government from effectively running the region.

“The TPLF has been assassinating several government officials in the last few months … and are the ones who are being associated with the killing of the MSF staff last week,” she said.

Hidden horrors of Ethiopia’s war

The brutal war in Tigray has been marked by massacres, widespread sexual violence and other abuses.

The United Nations has also warned that the conflict has pushed hundreds of thousands of people to the brink of famine.

UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres said Monday he had spoken with Abiy, winner of the 2019 Nobel Peace Prize, and was “hopeful that an effective cessation of hostilities will take place.”

Britain, the United States and Ireland have called for an emergency UN Security Council public meeting, which could happen on Friday.

On the Facebook page of DW’s Amharic service, the reactions were mixed.

“If the people don’t support, you can’t win. The government seems to have lost its goal. It seems that they cannot protect people’s safety. It is not easy to control Tigray without respecting the people,” wrote Oumer Robie.

Wabbe Shable said: “Good news, congratulations to the people in Tigray, we are also happy.” Another user wrote: “One should wait for what is in written to be put into practice.”

Free and fair elections?

A local human rights body reported that no major rights violations took place at the 404 polling stations in 99 poling districts that they monitored.

“I don’t think it’s any coincidence that [the Mekele assault] occurred after the election in Ethiopia,” said Raleigh.

Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed had touted the elections as the most democratic polls Ethiopia would ever see.

Several local and international observer missions reported minor irregularities but claimed it could not affect the overall outcome of the elections.

“In our overall assessment in the places we visited we didn’t see major massive, widespread and systematic human rights abuses,” said Daniel Bekele, head of the Ethiopian Human Rights Commission.

The commission is a government-affiliated yet independent body. Although it did not receive permission to observe the polls, the rights body still deployed around 100 staff across the country to monitor abuses.

Another opposition political party in south Ethiopia, the Sidama Unity Party, boycotted the ongoing election process. Party leaders are complaining of harassment and ballot rigging.

Jordan’s king meets with Abbas, reiterates support for two-state solution

PA’s Mahmoud Abbas met with Jordan’s King Abdullah, where he expressed his support for the solution.

Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas on Wednesday made a surprise visit to Amman, where he met with Jordan’s King Abdullah.

The visit is to be seen in the context of coordination between the PA and Jordan ahead of Abdullah’s planned trip to the US on July 19.

The PA and Jordan have expressed support for resuming the Middle East peace process on the basis of a two-state solution.

Abbas’s visit to Amman came as a committee, formed to investigate the death of Palestinian anti-corruption activist Nizar Banat, presented its findings to PA Prime Minister Mohammad Shtayyeh.

The death of Banat, allegedly beaten to death by PA security officers who came to arrest him last week in Hebron, triggered widespread protests in a number of Palestinian cities, where demonstrators chanted slogans against Abbas.
The PA’s official news agency Wafa said that Abbas had a “private meeting” with the Jordanian monarch. “They discussed the latest political developments in the Palestinian arena, bilateral relations and issues of mutual concern,” the agency said. “President Abbas affirmed ongoing coordination with Jordan on the interest of the Arab nation and its common causes, primarily the Palestinian cause.”

The separate meeting was followed by an expanded meeting involving officials from both sides.

Abbas was accompanied by PA Foreign Minister Riyad Malki, head of the General Authority of Civil Affairs Hussein al-Sheikh, General Intelligence Service head Majed Faraj and diplomatic affairs adviser to the PA president, Majdi al-Khaldi.

The Jordanian officials who attended the expanded meeting included Prime Minister Awn al-Khasawneh, Foreign Minister Ayman Safadi and head of the Jordanian General Intelligence Directorate, Ahmad Husni.

During the meeting with Abbas, Abdullah reiterated Jordan’s support for the Palestinians in “achieving their just and legitimate rights and establishing their independent, sovereign and viable state on the June 4, 1967 lines, with East Jerusalem as its capital,” according to a statement published by the Jordanian news agency Petra.

Abdullah “stressed the importance of translating the ceasefire in the Gaza Strip into an extended truce that pushes towards a political solution that achieves the Palestinians’ rights,” the agency said. “His Majesty stressed the need to intensify international efforts to achieve a just and comprehensive peace based on the two-state solution, and to preserve the legal and historical status quo in Jerusalem, warning that Israel must stop all attacks and illegal measures in the Palestinian territories.”

Jordan continues to play its historical and religious role in protecting Islamic and Christian holy sites in Jerusalem, based on the Hashemite guardianship over these holy sites, Abdullah said during the meeting. He also praised as “positive” the US administration’s decision to resume financial aid to the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees (UNRWA).

Meanwhile, PA Minister of Justice Mohammed al-Shalaldeh who headed the committee of inquiry into the death of Banat, on Tuesday night presented the findings to Shtayyeh.

Shtayyeh said that he will refer the report to the military judiciary, implying that those responsible for the death of the activist belonged to the PA security forces.

Shalaledeh said that the committee members interviewed the PA governor of Hebron and commanders and members of the various Palestinian security forces in Hebron.

The committee members also interviewed members of the Banat family who were present when the PA security officers arrived at his home to arrest him, Shalaldeh said, adding that the committee recommended that its report be referred to the judiciary.

But Ghassan Banat, the brother of the slain activist, denied that the committee members had met with any member of the family.

Lapid inaugurates Israeli Consulate in Dubai: ‘We created the incredible’

“We are starting to get used to making history,” Lapid quipped, noting that he had inaugurated the Israeli Embassy in Abu Dhabi the day before.

Foreign Minister Yair Lapid inaugurated Israel’s Consulate in Dubai on Wednesday, on the second day of the first trip to the United Arab Emirates by an Israeli minister since the countries established diplomatic ties.

Pro-Iranian forces claim they shelled Americans in Syria

Pro-Iranian militias have fired eight rockets at the American base in Syria in response to US airstrikes.

In the late afternoon, around dusk, reports emerged that pro-Iranian groups had shelled areas in eastern Syria across from Deir Ezzor, ostensibly targeting US forces near the Omar oil fields. This is an important and strategic area and US forces who support the Syrian Democratic Forces, have been reported to have a facility or base in this area. The attack was linked to airstrikes the US had carried out in Syria targeting pro-Iranian groups on Monday.

“US Forces in Syria, while under multiple rocket attack, acted in self- defense and conducted counter-battery artillery fire at rocket launching positions,” wrote Col. Wayne Marotto, the spokesperson for the US-led Coalition to defeat ISIS.
At approx. 7:44 PM local time, US Forces in Syria were attacked by multiple rockets. There are no injuries and damage is being assessed, the US said.

Tasnim and Fars News in Iran both reported that artillery and katyusha rockets were fired. Video appeared to show a rocket trail similar to the kind of rockets Hamas uses in Gaza to target Israel. Open source intelligence accounts on social media confirmed the attack. Omar Abu Layla, who runs Deir Ezzor 24 wrote that “jets strike headquarters of Iranian militias in the vicinity of al-Mayadeen city.” He then retweeted accounts of shelling of the area near Omar oil field where US forces are allegedly located.

Video circulating social media reportedly from this evening of #Iran|ian back militants shelling Omar Oil Field in Deir Ez Zoe, #Syria where #US personnel are based. pic.twitter.com/6eZZYNrBbn
— Aurora Intel (@AuroraIntel) June 28, 2021

According to witnesses, the attack took place in the area of ​​Al-Omar oil field and the surrounding residential sheds, which resulted in heavy material losses in this place and the burning of several vehicles in the area. The attack comes roughly 18 hours after the US carried out airstrikes near Albukamal targeting pro-Iranian units that are linked to Iraq and which the US accuses of drone attacks on US facilities in Iraq. Pro-Iranian militias, such as Kataib Hezbollah and PMU Brigade 14, known as Kataib Sayyid al-Shuhada, were allegedly targeted.

Pro-Iranian militias operate in Syria from Albukamal on the Iraq border to Deir Ezzor and then via T-4 base to Damascus and Syria. Iran also has IRGC forces in Syria and members of the Fetemiyun brigade, volunteers from Afghanistan and Pakistan. These are Shi’ite groups. Iraqi militias also operate in Syria and have festooned the border area with bases and villas they control. The attacks on the US on the evening of June 28 appear to be retaliation.

Tasnim reports that “witnesses said US occupying forces were present in the area at the time of the attack, but did not say how many were killed. Some media outlets reported that the action was carried out by resistance groups.” After the attack, several reconnaissance planes belonging to the American occupying forces and the international coalition flew over the region, the Iranian media says. The Syrian online newspaper Al-Jasr also reported that the US military base in the Al-Mayadin area of ​​Syria was hit by at least eight Katyusha missiles.

The rapidity of Iranian reporting on the attacks appears to confirm they took place or that Iran is using this as propaganda against the US. Fars News says that the local “Saberin News reported a severe rocket attack on the Al-Omar oil field base in Deir ez-Zor on Syrian soil near the border with Iraq. According to the report, at least eight rockets targeted US coalition headquarters in the Omar oil field. Pillars of fire and smoke have now risen from the Omar oil field, and US helicopters have flown over it, Saberin News said. The report did not specify the source of the rocket fire.” The official Syrian News Agency (SANA) also confirmed the attack on the US military base in the Omar oil field.

The US-led Coalition did not respond to an inquiry but was looking into the reports at the time of writing.

Has Mossad done enough damage that IAEA inspection pause not a disaster?

It has been four days since the IAEA-Iran inspections cooperation deal expired and the Islamic Republic seems to indicate it’s in no rush to answer whether cooperation would continue.

You would think the sky was falling, but it isn’t.

It has been four days since the IAEA-Iran inspections deal expired, and even on Monday the Islamic Republic seemed to indicate it was in no rush to say whether cooperation would continue.

If the world is finally blind regarding the nuclear program at a moment when Tehran can already enrich uranium up to the 60% level, only one rung down from the 90% weaponized level, how come Israel and the West are so calm?
Why isn’t the world freaked out that this could be the moment that the ayatollahs are breaking out to a nuclear weapon and giving 48-hour ultimatums for a preemptive strike?

Sure, US Secretary of State Antony Blinken has made statements in recent days suggesting that time eventually could run out on the JCPOA nuclear-deal negotiations.

France, the IAEA and some others have expressed angst over the situation.

But no one is even threatening a perfunctory emergency referral to the UN Security Council for a high-minded condemnation.

Some of the explanation for the Europeans could be that they do not tend to take action even in a crisis.

Maybe the same could be said for the Biden administration, which to date has mostly emphasized diplomacy over force.

Yet, there is also no sense of emergency from Israel.

There are regular statements by Israeli officials warning about holes in the JCPOA and about Iranian President-elect Ebrahim Raisi.

But there are no imminent threats from Jerusalem designed to force the Islamic Republic to immediately reinstate the inspections or face the consequences.

Part of the answer is probably that several Iranian IAEA deadlines have come and gone without Tehran taking any leap forward, and a new deal has already been worked out.

All of its nuclear violations have been slow, incremental and forecasted in advance so as to not surprise or provoke the global community.

So what if four days have passed.

There is a strong expectation that since even hardliner Raisi has endorsed a return to the JCPOA, that is the path the ayatollahs are on, and this is a minor technical face-saving issue.

Even as Iran on Monday refused to recommit to IAEA inspections, its officials noticeably made sure to keep the possibility of a return to inspections open.

One Iranian parliamentary official said the IAEA would never see all of the recorded footage of Iran’s nuclear facilities, which it is holding on to.

But a different official said the footage was not being destroyed, which means it could still be quietly turned over at some later point.

However, all of these reasons are probably secondary to the real explanation of why Israel and the West are more perturbed than anxious.

The real reason is: Boom! All of the key Iranian nuclear facilities have been blown up recently.

Two different facilities at Natanz were blown up in July 2020 and April 2021.

After Iranian statements that they had recovered from these attacks, The Jerusalem Post learned from Israeli defense sources that this was not true, and Tehran’s nuclear program is in a sling or worse.

This was later confirmed by an IAEA report that, when read according to the timing of the April 2021 attack, showed how handicapped Tehran’s uranium enrichment is due to destroyed centrifuges.

Last week, there was an attack on a key Iranian nuclear facility at Karaj, essentially replacing Natanz, which was repeatedly blown up.

It is as if Iran has a nuclear ship that sprouts a dozen new leaks every time they fill one of the old leaks.

None of this means Iran is not a threat. If the IAEA were blind for a longer period, say, several weeks, there would be much greater concern from Israel and globally.

But it does mean that if Iran needs a bit more time to sulk before offering a face-saving formula for continuing IAEA cooperation, Jerusalem does not yet need to lose any sleep.