Rather than haphazardly using artificial intelligence for research, scientists and decisionmakers should take a deliberative approach.
Artificial intelligence is reshaping the scientific enterprise. From our perch at the Center for Security and Emerging Technology (CSET), a tech policy research organization at Georgetown University, we are witnessing this change through two lenses simultaneously. As researchers, we study AI, including large language models (LLMs) like those that power ChatGPT, and scientific models like AlphaFold; we also monitor the science and tech landscape, including trends in AI’s development. Our ability to do this work relies in part on designing, testing, and implementing AI-enabled methods. AI is thus both our research subject and one of our research tools. Our work brings us face-to-face with the tensions that arise when figuring out what AI-enabled science can—and should—look like.