Africa

Le sommet entre sept Etats d’Afrique de l’Ouest, membres de l’Initiative d’Accra, et plusieurs dirigeants européens en vue d’accroître leur coopération dans la lutte contre la propagation des violences terroristes du Sahel vers les côtes du golfe de Guinée, s’est clôturé mardi soir sans annonce majeure.

Les présidents du Bénin, du Togo, du Ghana, de la Côte d’Ivoire et du Burkina Faso, ainsi que des dirigeants du Niger et du Mali, ont ainsi rencontré à Accra des représentants de l’Union européenne (UE), de la Grande-Bretagne et de la France.

La dégradation de la sécurité au Sahel « menace d’engloutir toute la région de l’Afrique de l’Ouest », a prévenu le président ghanéen Nana Akufo-Addo à l’ouverture de cette réunion.

Lancée en 2017, l’Initiative d’Accra vise à intensifier les efforts régionaux pour faire face à la menace croissante des violences terroristes, qui touchent le Mali, le Burkina Faso et le Niger, et pourraient s’étendre aux pays côtiers.

Ces pays font face à la recrudescence des attaques terroristes jihadistes du groupe État islamique (EI) et d’Al Qaeda, en Afrique.

Au moins quatorze personnes dont huit supplétifs civils de l’armée ont été tués lundi lors de deux attaques distinctes de groupes terroristes dans le nord du Burkina Faso, ont indiqué mardi des sources sécuritaires.

« Des individus armés ont attaqué au petit matin lundi le village de Safi, situé dans la commune de Boala, près de Kaya (centre-nord). Les Volontaires pour la défense de la patrie (VDP, supplétifs civils de l’armée) qui ont directement été visés ont perdu huit éléments », a déclaré une source sécuritaire, citée par des médias.

Plusieurs autres éléments ont également été blessés lors de cette attaque, a ajouté la même source.

Un responsable local des VDP a confirmé l’attaque, évoquant de son côté un bilan de « 7 morts, 10 blessés et d’importants dégâts matériels ».

« Dans la même journée du lundi, près de Markoye, dans la province de l’Oudalan (nord-est), des individus armés ont tué six civils, et emporté des véhicules et autres biens », a précisé la source sécuritaire.

« Les terroristes ont enlevé trois jeunes sur l’axe Salmossi-Markoye, qui ont ensuite été retrouvés morts dans la brousse dans la journée (lundi) », selon un proche des victimes, cité par des médias, qui ajoute que les assaillants « ont dépouillé plusieurs personnes qui sont tombées sur eux sur l’axe, et emporté des véhicules ».

Depuis 2015, le Burkina Faso est régulièrement endeuillé par des attaques jihadistes de plus en plus fréquentes ayant fait des milliers de morts et contraint quelque deux millions de personnes à fuir leurs foyers.

Soon after arriving in Oslo, my taxi zigzagged through the city’s well-organized streets and state-of-the-art infrastructure. Large billboards advertised the world’s leading brands in fashion, cars, and perfumes. Amid all the expressions of wealth and plenty, an electronic sign by a bus stop flashed the images of poor looking African children needing help.

Over the years, Norway has served as a relatively good model of meaningful humanitarian and medical aid. This is especially true if compared to other self-serving western countries, where aid is often linked to direct political and military interests. Still, the public humiliation of poor, hungry and diseased Africa is still disquieting.

The same images and TV ads are omnipresent everywhere in the West. The actual tangible value of such charity aside, campaigns to help poor Africa do more than perpetuate a stereotype, they also mask the actual responsibility of why natural resource-rich Africa remains poor, and why the supposed generosity of the West over the decades has done little to achieve a paradigm shift in terms of the Continent’s economic health and prosperity.

News from Africa is almost always grim. A recent ‘Save the Children’ report sums up Africa’s woes in alarming numbers: 150 million children in East and Southern Africa are facing the double threat of grinding poverty and the disastrous impact of climate change. The greatest harm affects the children population in South Sudan, with 87 percent, followed by Mozambique (80 percent), then Madagascar (73 percent).

The bad news from Africa, illustrated in the Save the Children report, was released soon after another report, this time by the World Bank, indicating that the international community’s hope to end extreme poverty by 2030 will not be met.

Consequently, by 2030, around 574 million people, estimated at 7 percent of the world’s total population, will continue to live in extreme poverty, relying on about two dollars a day.

Sub-Saharan Africa currently serves as the epicenter of global extreme poverty. The rate of extreme poverty in that region is about 35 percent, representing 60 percent of all extreme poverty anywhere in the world.

The World Bank suggests that the COVID-19 pandemic, and the Russia-Ukraine war are the main catalysts behind the grim estimates.

Growing global inflation and the slow growth of large economies in Asia are also culprits.

But what these reports don’t tell us, and what images of starving African children don’t convey is that much of Africa’s poverty is linked to the ongoing exploitation of the continent by its former – or current – colonial masters.

This is not to suggest that African nations have no agency of their own, in contributing to their worsening situation or in challenging intervention and exploitation. Without a united front and major change in geopolitical global balances, pushing back against neocolonialism is not an easy feat.

The Russia-Ukraine war and the global rivalry between Russia and China, on the one hand, and western countries on the other have encouraged some African leaders to speak out against the exploitation of Africa, and the use of Africa as a political fodder for global conflicts. The food crisis has been at the center of this fight.

In the late October Dakar International Forum on Peace and Security, some African leaders resisted pressure from western diplomats to toe the West’s line on the war in Ukraine.

Ironically, French minister of state Chrysoula Zacharopoulou sought “solidarity from Africa”, alleging that Russia poses an “existential threat” to Europe.

Though France continues to effectively control the currencies, thus economies of 14 different African countries – mostly in West Africa – Zacharopoulou declared that “Russia is solely responsible for this economic, energy and food crisis.”

President of Senegal, Macky Sall was one of several African leaders and top diplomats who challenged the duplicitous and polarizing language.

“This is 2022, this is no longer the colonial period… so countries, even if they are poor, have equal dignity. Their problems have to be handled with respect,” he said.

It is this coveted ‘respect’ by the West that Africa lacks. The US and Europe simply expect African nations to abandon their neutral approach to global conflicts and join the West’s continued campaign for global dominance.

But why should Africa, one of the richest and most exploited continents, obey the West’s diktats?

The West’s insincerity is glaring. Its double standard didn’t escape African leaders, including Nigeria’s former president Mahamadou Issoufou. “It’s shocking for Africans to see the billions that have rained down on Ukraine while attention has been diverted from the situation in the Sahel (region),” he said in Dakar.

Following the elevated political discourse emanating from African leaders and intellectuals gives one hope that the supposedly ‘poor’ Continent is plotting an escape from the grip of western domination, though many variables would have to work in their favor to make this happen.

Africa’s existent wealth alone can fuel global growth for many years to come. But the beneficiaries of this wealth should be Africa’s sons and daughters, not the deep pockets of the West’s wealthy classes. Indeed, time has come that Africa’s children are not paraded as charity cases in Europe, a notion that only feeds into the long-distorted power relations between Africa and the West.