Tormented Territory: The Emergence of a De Facto Canton in Northwestern Syria

Summary:
Syria’s northwest has been progressively transformed into a de facto canton outside the control of the Syrian state. This is the outcome of a dynamic process that began in 2016 and that mainly reflected the security interests of Türkiye, Russia, Iran, and the regime of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad. This framework, which has been an alternative form of conflict management, has allowed these actors to systematically adjust the canton’s characteristics, a painful process that is ongoing.

US fails to deter Turkey’s bombardment of Syria’s Kurdish enclave

Turkey continued to bomb infrastructure in Syria’s Kurdish-controlled region after a US F-16 shot down a drone that encroached within half a kilometer of a US base.

Turkish drones conducted multiple strikes within a kilometer of a US base in northeast Syria on Thursday, causing US troops to take shelter in bunkers in the hours before an American commander ordered one of the unmanned aircraft to be shot down, the Pentagon said.

Turkey expands strikes as Fidan, Blinken discuss deconfliction, ‘terrorist threats’

The US readout of a call between the top US and Turkish diplomats stressed the two countries share a common objective of defeating terror.

Turkey expanded its air campaign against Kurdish autonomous zones in Syria and Iraq on Friday, even as senior Biden administration officials held calls with their counterparts in Ankara to discuss deconfliction and counter-terrorism mechanisms.

US military warns against threats to troops after downing Turkish drone in Syria

“Time will tell if that develops, and if it does, the counter-ISIS campaign will come under considerably more pressure than it is today,” one expert tells Al Arabiya English.

The US military said Friday that it had the right to self-defense any time it’s faced with threats and cautioned against distracting from the fight against ISIS after a Turkish drone came within close distance to its troops in Syria.

Cypriot and Lebanese NGOs call for stop to ‘chain-refoulement’ to Syria

Four Lebanese and Cypriot NGOs released a joint letter on Friday, 11 August, calling Cyprus to stop its pushbacks of asylum-seekers back to Lebanon, where they are unlawfully deported back to Syria.

The letter said that Cypriot authorities had forcibly returned at least 109 individuals from Cyprus to Lebanon since July, of which at least 73 “were subsequently deported to Syria and handed over to the Syrian regime.”

Turkey expands crackdown, airstrikes against PKK as Erdogan lashes out at West

The Turkish Defense Ministry said 16 new targets, including caves, bunkers and warehouses in the northern Iraqi regions of Metina, Hakurk, Gara, Qandil and Assos, were destroyed in the strikes.

The Turkish Defense Ministry said 16 new targets, including caves, bunkers and warehouses in the northern Iraqi regions of Metina, Hakurk, Gara, Qandil and Assos, were destroyed in the strikes.

Turkey carried out on Tuesday fresh airstrikes in five northern Iraqi regions in retaliation for a suicide bombing in Ankara by the outlawed Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK) over the weekend.

The Turkish Defense Ministry said 16 new targets, including caves, bunkers and warehouses in the northern Iraqi regions of Metina, Gara, Qandil, Hakurk and Assos, were destroyed in the strikes.

These airstrikes represented the second wave of attacks in northern Iraq that Turkey initiated following the assault on the main gate of Turkey’s national police headquarters in the capital on Sunday. The attack left two police officers injured and resulted in the death of two militants. Turkish forces previously hit 20 targets in Metina, Hakurk, Qandil and Gara late on Sunday. The PKK, claiming responsibility for the attack, maintains bases scattered across the mountainous region of northern Iraq. The militant group is designated as a terrorist organization by Turkey, the United States and the European Union.

Simultaneously, Turkish authorities conducted over 450 counterterrorism operations within the country on Tuesday, with Interior Minister Ali Yerlikaya announcing the rounding up of at least 90 individuals in raids across 18 different provinces, according to Turkey’s state-run Anadolu News Agency.

The Turkish Interior Ministry on Monday identified one of the assailants as PKK militant Hasan Oguz, adding that efforts to identify the others were still underway. Some Turkish media outlets claimed that the second assailant might be a foreigner; however, there was no official Turkish confirmation, and Al-Monitor could not verify this claim.

Still, in televised remarks on Tuesday, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan lashed out at Western capitals over the attack. “Undoubtedly, the messages of condolences and condemnations you convey after every terrorist act are meaningful and valuable, but … they are never sufficient for our success in the fight against terrorism,” he said.

Adding that no national security threats to his country stemmed solely from local dynamics, Erdogan said, “The overt support provided to terrorists in northern Syria is the most concrete example of this.” He was referring to the US-allied Syrian Kurdish groups that Turkey equates with the PKK.

The United States, NATO and the majority of EU capitals issued swift condemnations following the attack.

Adding that had the assailants of the Ankara attack managed to escape abroad they would “have been protected as political refugees,” Erdogan said, “Unfortunately, in such a situation, some of our friends who condemned the terrorist act would most probably deny our extradition requests.”

Turkey’s extradition requests from Western capitals have taken on new prominence as part of Sweden’s pending NATO accession. Turkey’s requests from Sweden in return for greenlighting the Nordic nation’s accession include extradition or deportation of dozens of individuals over their alleged ties to the PKK.

Sweden also condemned the attack, with Swedish Foreign Minister Tobias Billstrom saying his country “[is] standing firm in its long-term commitment and partnership with Turkey to fight all kinds of terrorism.”

In July, Erdogan pledged to send Sweden’s NATO accession protocol to the Turkish parliament after the legislative body returned from the summer recess, but Ankara’s messages over the past weeks airing grievances with Stockholm have raised question marks over the pending ratification.

Sunday’s attack, which took place nearly 300 meters (0.2 miles) from the Turkish parliament as it returned from summer recess, came at an uneasy time with Sweden. Two days prior to the attack, an anti-Erdogan protest took place near the Turkish Embassy in Stockholm and drew harsh condemnations from the Turkish government.

Accusing Swedish authorities of being reckless and lax, Erdogan’s spokesman, Akif Cagatay Kilic, said, “All kinds of crimes and insults have become free in Sweden under the disguise of freedom.”

Hungary and Turkey are the sole holdouts to ratifying Sweden’s accession. NATO’s decision-making process requires consensus among all member states.

Turkey’s Fidan declares all PKK, YPG facilities in Syria, Iraq ‘legitimate targets’

High-level and open threats by Turkey have ramped up fears of a fresh escalation in northern Syria between Turkish forces and Syrian Kurdish groups that Ankara deems terrorists.

Turkey’s Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan said on Wednesday that Kurdish militants’ facilities and infrastructure in Syria and Iraq are “legitimate targets” for his government following a suicide bombing attack in Ankara over the weekend. He pledged an “extremely clear” retaliation.

‘Terrorist’ facilities in Syria, Iraq are legitimate targets for Turkey: Defense min

All facilities and activities of terrorist groups in Syria and Iraq will be “legitimate targets” for Turkey, Ankara’s defense minister Yasar Guler said.

“First of all, we want everyone to know that all facilities and activities of the PKK/KCK, PYD/YPG in Syria and Iraq will be our legitimate target from now on, as they have been so far,” Guler said as cited by state news agency Anadolu.

Iranian President Raisi Likely Doesn’t Believe His Own Rhetoric About The Zangezur Corridor

Even in the event that Azeri-Turkish economic connectivity is streamlined via a trans-Armenian corridor, then there’s no realistic way that this would function as a Trojan Horse for NATO since it would be protected by the Russian Border Guard Service per the Moscow-mediated November 2020 ceasefire. It’s even more ridiculous to imagine that he was referring to the second possibility of Azerbaijan and Turkiye conducting their trade through his own country since Iran is firmly opposed to NATO too.

Turkey expands crackdown, airstrikes against PKK as Erdogan lashes out at West

The Turkish Defense Ministry said 16 new targets, including caves, bunkers and warehouses in the northern Iraqi regions of Metina, Hakurk, Gara, Qandil and Assos, were destroyed in the strikes.

Turkey carried out on Tuesday fresh airstrikes in five northern Iraqi regions in retaliation for a suicide bombing in Ankara by the outlawed Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK) over the weekend.