Africa

Selon le dernier rapport de l’indice 2023 du terrorisme mondial, le nombre de victimes d’attaques terroristes dans la région du Sahel a augmenté de plus de 2 000 % au cours des 15 dernières années. Le Burkina Faso est le 1er pays sur le continent et le 2ème pays au monde le plus touché selon l’Indice mondial du terrorisme (GTI) 2023, un rapport publié par l’Institut pour l’économie et la paix (IEP).

Known as Africa’s “last colony” Western Sahara is a stretch of desert territory along part of Africa’s Atlantic coast, bordering Morocco, Algeria, and Mauritania. The tragic story of Western Sahara is one of a decolonization crisis rooted in the Cold War that remains unresolved.

The Dismal Track Record of U.S. Military Interventions

American soldiers have been deployed abroad almost continuously since the end of World War II. The best-known foreign interventions—in Vietnam, Afghanistan, and Iraq—were large, long, and costly. But there have been dozens of other such deployments, many smaller or shorter, for purposes ranging from deterrence to training. Taken as a whole, these operations have had a decidedly mixed record. Some, such as Operation Desert Storm in 1991, which swept the Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein’s forces out of Kuwait, largely succeeded. But others—such as those in Somalia, Haiti, Afghanistan, Iraq, Libya, and elsewhere—were disappointments or outright failures. It is these unsuccessful post–Cold War interventions that have engendered serious doubts among policymakers and the public about the role of force in U.S. foreign policy.

• On March 20, American aid worker Jeff Woodke was released following over six years in captivity in West Africa; Olivier Dubois, a French journalist abducted in 2021 by an Al-Qaeda-linked group was also released on Monday.
• Officials have reaffirmed that the “kidnap for ransom” (KFR) model in the region has largely been about revenue generation rather than ideology; however, captor networks can engage in long drawn-out engagements that can stretch the resources of states.
• The release of Woodke and Dubois come amidst growing concern about security in the Sahel region, as ISIS and Al-Qaeda affiliated groups continue to sow violence and instability against the background of reduced international counterterrorism focus.
• Woodke’s release also reaffirms the importance of finding alternative pathways to resolve hostage situations beyond the traditional hostage rescue operations, and the value of partnerships between governments and private entities.

Country registered 50% climb in deaths in 2022 compared to 2021, says global terrorism index

Burkina Faso is the most affected by terrorism on the African continent and the second most-affected worldwide in 2022, according to the latest global terrorism report that was released Tuesday.

At least 15 Burkina Faso soldiers and army auxiliaries were killed in an attack in the north of the country on Wednesday, three security sources said on Thursday.

Jubaland state continued with operations against Al-Shabaab even in the middle of a planned slow-down by the federal government, targeting the militants in the latest offensive which comes days after the Jana Cabdalle battle which left several militants dead just weeks after the town was taken by the group.

The killing of a prominent Islamic State financier in Somalia sheds light on the group’s transnational financial networks and shifting centre of gravity.

On 25 January 2023, US special forces killed well-known extremist Bilal Al-Sudani, together with nine associates, in northern Somalia. This has drawn media and expert attention to the role Somalia plays as a piece in the international jihadi jigsaw. Somalia is important not just because of the presence of Al-Shabaab but also because of the globally networked structure that Islamic State (IS) has created for finance and other purposes.